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Thomas [Apostle] --- Bible. Apocrypha NT --- Evangelie van Thomas --- Evangile de Thomas --- Gospel of Thomas --- Actes de Thomas. --- 229*411 --- Evangelie van Thomas. Koptisch evangelie van Thomas --- 229*411 Evangelie van Thomas. Koptisch evangelie van Thomas --- Exegese Nieuwe Testament --- Apocriefen --- Tekstuitgave

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Gnosticism --- #GGSB: Apocrief --- #GGSB: Christendom --- #GGSB: Dogma- en theologiegeschiedenis --- #GGSB: Gnosis --- Cults --- Jesus Christ --- Christ --- Cristo --- Jezus Chrystus --- Jesus Cristo --- Jesus, --- Christ, Jesus --- Yeh-su --- Masīḥ --- Khristos --- Gesù --- Christo --- Yeshua --- Chrystus --- Gesú Cristo --- Ježíš --- Isa, --- Nabi Isa --- Isa Al-Masih --- Al-Masih, Isa --- Masih, Isa Al --- -Jesus, --- Jesucristo --- Yesu --- Yeh-su Chi-tu --- Iēsous --- Iēsous Christos --- Iēsous, --- Kʻristos --- Hisus Kʻristos --- Christos --- Jesuo --- Yeshuʻa ben Yosef --- Yeshua ben Yoseph --- Iisus --- Iisus Khristos --- Jeschua ben Joseph --- Ieso Kriʻste --- Yesus --- Kristus --- ישו --- ישו הנוצרי --- ישו הנצרי --- ישוע --- ישוע בן יוסף --- المسيح --- مسيح --- يسوع المسيح --- 耶稣 --- 耶稣基督 --- 예수그리스도 --- Jíizis --- Yéshoua --- Iėsu̇s --- Khrist Iėsu̇s --- ‏عيسىٰ‏ --- Person and offices. --- Patrology --- Comparative religion --- Apocrief --- Christendom --- Dogma- en theologiegeschiedenis --- Gnosis --- #gsdb1

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What happened when the writing of the Old Testament prophet Micah from the 8th century BCE was read and interpreted by Christians in the 1st to 5th century BCE? This research meticulously describes data from patristic commentaries and other ancient Christian works in Greek and Latin, as well as the remains of Gnostic receptions of Micah, and it analyses the interpretative strategies that were adopted. Attention is paid to the partial retrieval of Origen's Commentary on Micah, which is lost nowadays, but was used by later Christian authors, especially Jerome. This work includes the ancient delimitation of the Septuagint version and patristic observations on the meaning of particular terms. Other aspects are the liturgical readings from Micah's book up to the Middle Ages, its use in Christ's complaints about Israel on Good Friday (the Improperia), and a rabbinic tradition about Jesus "ing Micah. It is noted whenever patristic authors implicitly use or explicitly "e Jewish interpretations, many of which are supplied with parallels in contemporaneous or medieval Jewish works. This first comprehensive survey of the ancient Christian reception and interpretation of Micah is a valuable tool for Biblical scholars and historians.

Church history --- Bible. --- Bible. --- Hermeneutics. --- Quotations in the New Testament. --- Exegesis. --- Gnosticism, Liturgy. --- Patristics.

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Gnosticism. --- Faith. --- #gsdb3

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Ancient Christianity had an ambivalent stance toward violence. Jesus had instructed his disciples to love their enemies, and in the first centuries Christians were proud of this lofty teaching and tried to apply it to their persecutors and to competing religious groups. Yet at the same time they testify to their virulent verbal criticism of Jews, heretics and pagans, who could not accept the Christian exclusiveness. After emperor Constantine had turned to Christianity, Christians acquired the opportunity to use violence toward competing groups and pagans, even though they were instructed to love them personally and Jewish-Christian relationships flourished at grass root level. General analyses and case studies demonstrate that the fashionable distinction between intolerant monotheism and tolerant polytheism must be qualified.

Violence --- Persecution --- Church history --- Christianity and culture --- Persécutions --- Eglise --- Christianisme et civilisation --- Religious aspects --- Christianity. --- History --- Aspect religieux --- Christianisme --- Histoire --- Christianity --- 27 "00/04" --- 272 "00/03" --- Apostolic Church --- Church, Apostolic --- Early Christianity --- Early church --- Primitive and early church --- Primitive Christianity --- Fathers of the church --- Great Apostasy (Mormon doctrine) --- Kerkgeschiedenis--?"00/04" --- Kerkvervolging--"00/03" --- Church history -- Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600. --- Violence -- Religious aspects -- Christianity. --- Religion --- Philosophy & Religion --- Persécutions --- Primitive and early church. --- 30 - 600 --- Early Church Period --- Primitive and Early Church Period --- Violent behavior --- Social psychology --- Religious aspects&delete& --- Violence - Religious aspects - Christianity --- Church history - Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600